Aggression
Since the beginning of existence, aggression is acharacteristicnormally found in humans and animals. Aggression can be definiteas physical or verbal behavior deliberate to cause harm (Myers, 2010).The definition excludes unintentional harm such as accidents but comprisesdeliberate acts to harm although the attempt unsuccessful (Anderson & Bushman, 2001). It is measured an aggressive action if a person make an attempt to fire a gun but the gun jams. Psychologists categorize two kinds of “hostile” and “Instrumental” aggression in human(Myers, 2010). Hostile aggressive driven by anger and cause to injure such as murder. However, Instrumental aggressive aims to injure such as terrorism. Even though the meaning and forms of aggressive can be simply understood, human innately aggressive or do we learn to be aggressive are still a cause of debate among psychologists. Aggression as a Biological Phenomenon
Freud (1930) debate that the drive to aggress is deeply rooted in the human s mind and hence separate with circumstances.The starting point for these explanations is that aggressive is an innate action tendency.Hence, there are some theories which can shape this view of aggressive.
The amygdala is thought to be part of a neural system responsive to potential threat (Adolpsetal, 1999). Amygdala which has been implicated in emotion can increase the sensibility for impulsive aggression and violence. For instance, high-risk youth show sign of impulsive and antisocial behaviour because they easily recognize negative emotion (Tolan& Gorman as cited in Hogg & Vaughan, 2005).
According to behavioral genetic studies (Miles & Carey, 1997), aggression is inborn and environmental influences are comparatively weak. Huesmann and Guerra (1997) found that children who are aggressive at eight years old are more likely to be aggressive in later year (as cited in Hogg & Vaughan 2005). Furthermore, Eysenck and Gudjonsson (1989) offered the theory of criminality which recommendedthat the inheritance of a nervous system insensitive to low levels of stimulation may make an individual have high risk to involve in antisocial behavior such as abuse and crime.
A causal link between hormonal and aggression has been inferred from the increased male aggression apparent at the beginning of the breeding season. (Bernstein et al, 1983). Gladue (1991) reported higher levels of overt aggression in
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