英语国家概况-谢福之-课后答案-简答题

第三大题

Chapter 2

1. What were Queen Victoria’s major achievements?

Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrialization, the building of railways and the growth of trade and commerce. During her reign, Britain developed into an empire

including about a quarter of the global population and a quarter of the world’s landmass.

2. What were the two camps in World WarⅠ?

In WorldⅠthe two camps were the Central Powers-mainly Germany,

Austria-Hungary, Turkey and the Allies-mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy and from 1917,the United States.

3. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World WarⅡ?

Britain cooperated closely with the United States after World WarⅡsince they were allied during World WarⅡand shared the same concerns about the Soviet Union.

Chapter 5

1. What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?

Grammar schools were to train the most academically capable students and prepare them for university, whereas vocational schools were to help the less successful students to learn a trade.

2. What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?

British comprehensive schools provide a general education, offering both academic subjects like literature and science, and more practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.

3. In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?

British universities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their own staff, decide which students to admit, provide their own courses and award their own degrees.

4. What role does the media play in British leisure culture?

The media plays an essential role in Britain leisure culture since it helps to

shape the public’s opinion, determine people’s moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule of a government.

Chapter 10

1. What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution?

One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the federal government and of the state governments are specified in the Constitution.

2. What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?

A senator must be over 30 years old,a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in the state which they represent . A representative should be at least 25

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