中考英语备考:主谓一致问题
一.课前预习案
1 、主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式:如:
The computer was a great invention. (计算机是个了不起的发明)
The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
2 、集体名词(如family, class, team , group, row, police , school等)做句子主语时,
①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:
Class Three is a very good class. (三班是好班)
②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:
Class Three have a map of China.(三班有张中国地图)
3 、Chinese , Japanese , fish , sheep 等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。如:
There is a sheep in the yard. (院子里有只绵羊)
There are some sheep in the yard. (院子里有一些绵羊)
4 、maths , news 等虽然有s 结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数:
The news is very exciting.(这个消息令人兴奋)
5 、glasses , shoes, socks, trousers , gloves 等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如:
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买) 6 、a lot of后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如:
A lot of students are playing baseball now. (现在有许多学生在打垒球)
A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)
7 、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓语则用单数。如:
The teacher and his son are picking apples now. (老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)
8 、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如:
There is a table and four chairs in the room. (房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子) 9 、用both…and …连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如:
Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)
10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如:
A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road.
(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)
11、either…or…或者 neither…nor …连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语
采用就近原则。如:
Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/ 你和他有一个人是对的) Neither you nor I am going there. (你和我都不打算去那里)
12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如:
Two months is not a short time. (两个月不是个短时间)
Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离)。(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
13、主语中含有half of … / three quarters of… / all(of) the…等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词确定,如:
Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.
(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的)
A third of the students were playing near the lake. (学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍)
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