培训资料动名词

非谓语动词（二）

动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语，定语，状语和补语六种成分。

1、作主语

Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣

Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。

动名词作主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。

这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如：It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收

It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。

It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。

注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。

3. 用于―There be‖结构中。例如：

There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。

There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。

4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如：

No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). （禁止吸烟） No parking. （禁止停车）

5. 动名词的复合结构作主语

当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构(——这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。

Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.

shopping fishing cycling这些都是很常见的动名词

2、作宾语

（1）作动词的宾语

某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can‘t stand, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to,escape 等。如：

They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续走，说个不停。

I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。

Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。

（2）作介词的宾语

We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？

第1页下一页