新概念2定语从句最佳版

定语从句

一、弄清关系代词所指及其在定语从句中所充当的句子成分。

1． 先行词指物时，用关系代词that／which在从句中作主语或宾语。如： He bought a coat that／which cost little． 他买了一件便宜上衣。（作主语）

The car which ／ that he bought yesterday is a second-hand one． 他昨天买的车是个二手货。（作宾语）

2． 先行词指人时，用关系代词that／who在从句中作主语或宾语（在口语中，代替whom）。如：

The man who ／ that gave a speech on TV is the president． 昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统。（作主语）

This is the strange man that／who／whom I met yesterday． 这就是我昨天碰到的那个怪人。（作宾语）

3． whose在从句中作定语，既可指人，作“某（些）人的”解；也可指物，作“某（些）物的”解。如：

This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake． 这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。 We live in a house whose windows open to the south． 我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里。

理清上述关系还能帮助我们判断定语从句谓语动词的单复数。又如： He is one of the students who work hard． 他是学习努力的学生之一。（who指先行词the students） He is the only one of the students who goes abroad． 他是学生中唯一出国的。（who指先行词the only one） （一）、只用which的情况

1、在定语从句中作介词的宾语且置于介词之后。

e.g The hotel in which they are staying is very expensive . 2、在先行词为物的非限制性定语从句。

e.g Basketball, which is an interesting games , is played all over the world.

3、在非限制性定语中，代表前面整个句子，有时代表前面主句中的表语部分。 e.g 1). Mr Li is a writer, which I should also like to be . 2). He is a good teacher, which we all know . (二）、一般只用that 的情况

1、先行词为anything ,nothing ,everything , all ,much ,little , few等 e.g Is there anything that I can do for you ?

2、 先行词前有all , any, every , no , little , much, only , very , last等修饰时。

e.g He'll read all the books that are sold here. 3、先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时。

e.g This is the most wonderful film that I have never seen .

4、当先行词是to be 的表语时，或先行词本身就是从句的表语。 e.g It is a song that is very popular .

The school is no longer the one that it was used to be. 5、先行词包括人和物时。

e.g He talked about the people and the books that interested him. 6、 由who, which 引起的疑问句。

e.g Who is the man that is talking to our headmaster ?

7、一个句子中有两个定语从句，若其中一个已用who/which ,另一个用that .

e.g The student who does best in his studies is the monitor that is very modest and honest. 8、与the same 连用（指同一物），构成the same….that 时，只能用that,且不能用as 代替 。

e.g This is the same museum that you once visited . （三）、用who 情况。

1、who可以代表人、人格化的动物、神话故事中的人物或有生命的事物。 e.g The dog who is barking is our pet . 2、在从句中作主语。

3、 当先行词泛指代词he ,they或those 时，常用who . e.g He who does no work gets no pay.

4、在there be 句型中，主语是人且是先行词时，多用who或省略. e.g There is a man who lives in that village . 5、 先行词前出现不定冠词时，多用who. e.g He is a man who should learn from others .

6、先行词与从句分隔，用that 可能产生歧义时，应用who. e.g I saw a man in the street who was surrounded by many people . 7、不定代词one , ones, anyone等作先行词时，多用who. e.g One who works without complain is welcome here . 8、在非限制性定语从句中，一般要用who ,而不用 that .

9、两个定语从句同时出现在一个句子中，第一个用that ，则第二个用who. （三）、as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的用法。 A.不能互换情况：

1、which 不能用于句首。

e.g As we all know, China is getting stronger and stronger .

2、as 有“正如，好像”之意，而且which 则没有。从句表达的内容与主句不一致或相反时(或对主句内容起着消极作用,或暗含因果关系），只能用which(=but this /that)

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